This is an article on how to properly set the Vertical
Tracking Angle (VTA) of your cartridge by first looking and then listening. To adjust your
VTA properly, you need to find the adjustment on the base (post where the arm is mounted
to the turntable) of your pickup arm that allows you to raise or lower the back (the end
opposite of where your cartridge is) of your tonearm. Look at your owners manual (if you
still have it), go to the audio dealer from whom you purchased it or contact the
manufacturer for help in finding out how to make this adjustment. CAUTION: On most
tonearms, you will NOT be able to adjust the VTA while playing a record or with the stylus
even resting on a record (without destroying the record and/or cartridge cantilever or
stylus). YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED!
For initial setup of your VTA, place a medium thickness
album (no 180 gram re-issues or flabby RCA Dyna-flex Red Seals) on the turntable and place
the stylus on the record (do not have the turntable rotating for these adjustments). With
the stylus resting on this medium thickness album, the bottom of the cartridge should be
parallel to the album. By this, I mean the flat area near the front of the cartridge where
the cantilever / stylus assembly protrudes from the bottom of the cartridge. CAUTION: Make
all adjustments on the tonearm with it sitting on the tonearm rest. You now have a good
starting point to find where the nominal VTA setting is located for your arm / cartridge
combination. Select 3 records from your collection with which you are familiar. You will
use them to find fine tune the nominal starting point for your VTA adjustment. One of them
should be what I will call a normal thickness album (London CS 6xxx or STS 15xxx (orange -
silver label), RCA Shaded Dog, non 180 gm. Chesky, etc.). The next should be a thick album
(Decca or EMI reissue, Mobile Fidelity 2-xxx series, etc.). The third album should be a
thin album like an RCA Dyna-flab.
After setting the starting point of your VTA session using
your eyesight, listen to a section of all 3 albums. What you want to listen for is the
seniority of the strings, the "air" around the instruments and the width of the
hall. If you set your VTA correctly for nominal thickness albums, you will hear the
following:
1.The medium thickness album will have extended stage
width, a hint of air or rich harmonics around the individual instruments and singing in
the upper strings without any stridency.
2.The thin album will have good stage width but the strings
will sound unnatural, edgy and irritating.
3.The thick album will sound slightly muffled, with a lack
of high frequencies and air around the instruments.
If this is not what you hear in your comparison, your VTA
is not set properly for medium thickness albums. If the thin album sounds correct, the
back or base of your tonearm needs to be raised about 0.010" (0.4mm) (the thickness
of a cover of Ultimate Audio) for medium thickness albums. If the thick album
sounds correct, the base of your tonearm needs to be lowered about 0.010" (250
micrometers) for medium thickness albums. A few passes at this and you will learn what to
listen for when you adjust your Vertical Tracking Angle.
To reiterate, once you have found the correct VTA setting
for a medium thickness album, you can use this starting point when you want to adjust your
VTA for best sonics. For very thin albums (flabby Red Seal), or Angel and late Columbia,
you will have to lower the back of the tonearm by as much as 0.005". For very thick
albums and many of the Decca, Classic or EMI reissues, you will have to raise the back of
the tonearm by as much as 0.010" or 0.015". Also remember that during the course
of the life of your cartridge, the nominal setting will change as the cantilever ages and
flexes making it sound as if the back of the tonearm is too low. After a short period of
time of focusing on the sound (and not the music), you will learn to identify when the VTA
is adjusted properly. After this adjustment is correctly made, listen and enjoy the music.
